A Bibliography of Literary Theory, Criticism and Philology
by José Ángel García Landa
(University of Zaragoza, Spain)
Translation: Early works
Addison, Joseph. "National Accents." Spectator no. 29. 1711. In Douglas Robinson, Western Translation Theory: From Herodotus to Nietzsche. Manchester: St. Jerome, 1997.*
Aelfric. "Translating into Our Ordinary Speech." Preface to Book I of Catholic Homilies. (989). In Douglas Robinson, Western Translation Theory: From Herodotus to Nietzsche. Manchester: St. Jerome, 1997.*
_____. "Pure and Plain Words." Preface to Book II of Catholic Homilies. (992). In Douglas Robinson, Western Translation Theory: From Herodotus to Nietzsche. Manchester: St. Jerome, 1997.*
_____. "Translating into Idiomatic English." Preface to Genesis. (997?). In Douglas Robinson, Western Translation Theory: From Herodotus to Nietzsche. Manchester: St. Jerome, 1997.*
Agricola, Mikael. "Preface to the New Testament." 1548. In Douglas Robinson, Western Translation Theory: From Herodotus to Nietzsche. Manchester: St. Jerome, 1997.*
Alfred (King). "Translating Plainly and Clearly." Preface to the translation of Boethius' Consolation of Philosophy. (877?). In Douglas Robinson, Western Translation Theory: From Herodotus to Nietzsche. Manchester: St. Jerome, 1997.*
_____. "Translating Books Which Are Most Necessary for All Men to Know." Letter to Bishop Waerferth. (890/97). In Douglas Robinson, Western Translation Theory: From Herodotus to Nietzsche. Manchester: St. Jerome, 1997.*
Aquinas, Thomas. "Proem." From Contra Errores Graecorum. (1263?). In Douglas Robinson, Western Translation Theory: From Herodotus to Nietzsche. Manchester: St. Jerome, 1997.*
"Aristeas". (Anon.)."The Work of the Seventy-Two." From Aristeas to Philocrates (c. 130 B.C.E.). In Douglas Robinson, Western Translation Theory: From Herodotus to Nietzsche. Manchester: St. Jerome, 1997.*
Arnold, Matthew. "The Translator's Tribunal." From On Translating Homer. 1861. In Douglas Robinson, Western Translation Theory: From Herodotus to Nietzsche. Manchester: St. Jerome, 1997.*
Ascham, Roger. "The Ready Way to the Latin Tongue." From The Schoolmaster. 1570. In Douglas Robinson, Western Translation Theory: From Herodotus to Nietzsche. Manchester: St. Jerome, 1997.*
Aulus Gellius. "On the Importance of Avoiding Strict Literalness." From Noctes Atticae (100 C.E.?). In Douglas Robinson, Western Translation Theory: From Herodotus to Nietzsche. Manchester: St. Jerome, 1997.*
Augustine (Aurelius Augustinus). "The Use of Translations." From De Doctrina Christiana. (427?). In Douglas Robinson, Western Translation Theory: From Herodotus to Nietzsche. Manchester: St. Jerome, 1997.*
Bacon, Roger. "On the Usefulness of Grammar." From Opus Maius. (1268). In Douglas Robinson, Western Translation Theory: From Herodotus to Nietzsche. Manchester: St. Jerome, 1997.*
Batteux, Charles. "Principles of Translation." From Principes de littérature (1747-48). In Douglas Robinson, Western Translation Theory: From Herodotus to Nietzsche. Manchester: St. Jerome, 1997.*
Behn, Aphra. "Translating French into English." From "An Essay on Translated Prose." In Douglas Robinson, Western Translation Theory: From Herodotus to Nietzsche. Manchester: St. Jerome, 1997.*
_____. "Recasting, Not Translating." From "The Preface to the History of Oracles." 1688. In Douglas Robinson, Western Translation Theory: From Herodotus to Nietzsche. Manchester: St. Jerome, 1997.*
Boethius, Anicius Manlius Severinus. "Committing the Fault of the True Interpreter." From In Isagoge Porphyrii Commenta. (510?). In Douglas Robinson, Western Translation Theory: From Herodotus to Nietzsche. Manchester: St. Jerome, 1997.*
Browning, Robert. "Literal at Every Cost." From the preface to the translation of Aeschylus' Agamemnon. 1877. In Douglas Robinson, Western Translation Theory: From Herodotus to Nietzsche. Manchester: St. Jerome, 1997.*
Bruni, Leonardo. "On the Correct Way of Translating." (1424-26). In Douglas Robinson, Western Translation Theory: From Herodotus to Nietzsche. Manchester: St. Jerome, 1997.*
Burgundio of Pisa. "The Risk of Altering So Great an Original." From the preface to the Latin translation of In commentatione Iohannis Crisostomi supra evangelium sancti Iohannis evangeliste. (1170s). In Douglas Robinson, Western Translation Theory: From Herodotus to Nietzsche. Manchester: St. Jerome, 1997.*
Burton, Richard F. "Clothing the Skeleton." From the preface to the translation of Vikram and the Vampire. 1870. In Douglas Robinson, Western Translation Theory: From Herodotus to Nietzsche. Manchester: St. Jerome, 1997.*
_____. "A Plain and Literal Translation." From the introduction to The Book of the Thousand Nights and One Night. 1885. In Douglas Robinson, Western Translation Theory: From Herodotus to Nietzsche. Manchester: St. Jerome, 1997.*
Carter, Elizabeth. "Translating Epictetus." Letters to and from Catherine Talbot and Thomas Secker, Bishop of Oxford. 1749-1757. In Douglas Robinson, Western Translation Theory: From Herodotus to Nietzsche. Manchester: St. Jerome, 1997.*
Caxton, William. Prologue to Aeneid. (1490). In Douglas Robinson, Western Translation Theory: From Herodotus to Nietzsche. Manchester: St. Jerome, 1997.*
Cervantes Saavedra, Miguel de. "Viewing Flemish Tapestries from the Wrong Side." From Don Quixote, Part II. 1615. In Douglas Robinson, Western Translation Theory: From Herodotus to Nietzsche. Manchester: St. Jerome, 1997.*
Chapelain, Jean. "To the Reader." Preface to the translation of Le Gueux, ou la vie de Guzman d'Alfarache. 1619-20. In Douglas Robinson, Western Translation Theory: From Herodotus to Nietzsche. Manchester: St. Jerome, 1997.*
Chapman, George. "The Preface to the Reader." From the translation of the Iliad. 1611. In Douglas Robinson, Western Translation Theory: From Herodotus to Nietzsche. Manchester: St. Jerome, 1997.*
Cicero, Marcus Tullius. "Translating Greek Orations into Latin." From De oratore. 55 B.C.E.? In Douglas Robinson, Western Translation Theory: From Herodotus to Nietzsche. Manchester: St. Jerome, 1997.*
_____. "The Best Kind of Orator." 52 B.C.E.? In Douglas Robinson, Western Translation Theory: From Herodotus to Nietzsche. Manchester: St. Jerome, 1997.*
_____. "Translating Greek Philosophy into Latin." From De finibus bonorum et malorum (45-44 B.C.E.). In Douglas Robinson, Western Translation Theory: From Herodotus to Nietzsche. Manchester: St. Jerome, 1997.*
Cooke, Anna. "The Study of Italian Justified." From the Prefact to the Translation of Bernadine Ochine, Fouretene sermons. 1550. In Douglas Robinson, Western Translation Theory: From Herodotus to Nietzsche. Manchester: St. Jerome, 1997.*
Cowley, Abraham. "Preface to Pindarique Odes." 1656. In Douglas Robinson, Western Translation Theory: From Herodotus to Nietzsche. Manchester: St. Jerome, 1997.*
Dacier, Anne. "My Condemnation." From the preface to translation of L'Iliade d'Homère. 1699. In Douglas Robinson, Western Translation Theory: From Herodotus to Nietzsche. Manchester: St. Jerome, 1997.*
Dante Alighieri. "Translation Destroys the Sweetness of the Original." From Il Convivio. (1304-7). In Douglas Robinson, Western Translation Theory: From Herodotus to Nietzsche. Manchester: St. Jerome, 1997.*
Denham, John. "To Sir Richard Fanshaw Upon His Translation of Pastor Fido." 1648. In Douglas Robinson, Western Translation Theory: From Herodotus to Nietzsche. Manchester: St. Jerome, 1997.*
_____. "Preface to The Destruction of Troy." 1656. In Douglas Robinson, Western Translation Theory: From Herodotus to Nietzsche. Manchester: St. Jerome, 1997.*
Dillon, Wentworth (Earl of Roscommon). "An Essay on Translated Verse." In Douglas Robinson, Western Translation Theory: From Herodotus to Nietzsche. Manchester: St. Jerome, 1997.*
Dryden, John. "The Three Types of Translation." From Preface to Ovid's Epistles. 1680. In Douglas Robinson, Western Translation Theory: From Herodotus to Nietzsche. Manchester: St. Jerome, 1997.*
_____. "Steering Betwixt Two Extremes." From "Dedication to the Aeneis." 1697. In Douglas Robinson, Western Translation Theory: From Herodotus to Nietzsche. Manchester: St. Jerome, 1997.*
du Bellay, Joachim. "The Deense and Illustration of the French Language." In Douglas Robinson, Western Translation Theory: From Herodotus to Nietzsche. Manchester: St. Jerome, 1997.*
Duarte (King). "The Art of Translating from Latin." From O Leal Conselheiro. (1430s). In Douglas Robinson, Western Translation Theory: From Herodotus to Nietzsche. Manchester: St. Jerome, 1997.*
Epiphanius of Constantia (Salamis). "Producing an Unadulterated Translation.." From De Mensuris et ponderibus (392). In Douglas Robinson, Western Translation Theory: From Herodotus to Nietzsche. Manchester: St. Jerome, 1997.*
Erasmus, Desiderius. "Letter to Nicolas Ruistre." (1503). In Douglas Robinson, Western Translation Theory: From Herodotus to Nietzsche. Manchester: St. Jerome, 1997.*
_____. "Letters to William Warham." (1506, 1507). In Douglas Robinson, Western Translation Theory: From Herodotus to Nietzsche. Manchester: St. Jerome, 1997.*
_____. "Letter to Maarten Lips." (1518). In Douglas Robinson, Western Translation Theory: From Herodotus to Nietzsche. Manchester: St. Jerome, 1997.*
FitzGerald, Edward. "Letter to E. B. Cowell." 1859. In Douglas Robinson, Western Translation Theory: From Herodotus to Nietzsche. Manchester: St. Jerome, 1997.*
_____. "Letter to J. R. Lowell." 1878. In Douglas Robinson, Western Translation Theory: From Herodotus to Nietzsche. Manchester: St. Jerome, 1997.*
Florio, John. "The Epistle Dedicatory" and "To the Courteous Reader." Preface to the translation of Montaigne's Essays. 1603. In Douglas Robinson, Western Translation Theory: From Herodotus to Nietzsche. Manchester: St. Jerome, 1997.*
Fortunatianus, C. Chirius. "Translation as Exercitatio." From Artes Rhetoricae. (5th c.). In Douglas Robinson, Western Translation Theory: From Herodotus to Nietzsche. Manchester: St. Jerome, 1997.*
Fulke, William. "That None of These Five Abuses Are Committed by Us." From the preface to A Defence of the Sincere and True Translations of the Holy Scriptures into the English Tongue, Against the Cavils of Gregory Marin. 1583. In Douglas Robinson, Western Translation Theory: From Herodotus to Nietzsche. Manchester: St. Jerome, 1997.*
_____. "The Holy Scriptures Should Always be in Our Mother Tongues." From "Confutation of the Rhemists' Preface," Confutation of the Rhemist Testament. 1589. In Douglas Robinson, Western Translation Theory: From Herodotus to Nietzsche. Manchester: St. Jerome, 1997.*
Goethe, Johann Wolfgang von. "Prose Translations." From Dichtung und Wahrheit. 1811. In Douglas Robinson, Western Translation Theory: From Herodotus to Nietzsche. Manchester: St. Jerome, 1997.*
_____. "The Two Maxims." From "Rede zum Andenken des edlen Dichters, Bruders und Freundes Wieland." 1813. In Douglas Robinson, Western Translation Theory: From Herodotus to Nietzsche. Manchester: St. Jerome, 1997.*
_____. Noten und Abhandlungen zum besserem Verständnis des West-Östlichen Divans. 1819.
_____. Noten und Abhandlungen zum besserem Verständnis des West-Östlichen Divans. In Sämtliche Werke. ed. E. von der Hellen. Stuttgart, 1902-12. Vol. 5.
_____. Notas y disertaciones para la mejor comprensión del Diván de Occidente y Oriente. In Goethe, Obras completas. Ed., trans. and introd. Rafael Cansinos Asséns. Vol. 4. Madrid: Aguilar, 1957. Facsimile rpt. Madrid: Santillana, 2004. 1016-1100.*
_____. "Translations." From notes to West-Östlicher Divan. 1819. In Douglas Robinson, Western Translation Theory: From Herodotus to Nietzsche. Manchester: St. Jerome, 1997.*
_____. "The Translator as Match-Maker." From Maximen und Reflexionen. 1826. In Douglas Robinson, Western Translation Theory: From Herodotus to Nietzsche. Manchester: St. Jerome, 1997.*
_____. "On Carlyle's German Romance." 1828. In Douglas Robinson, Western Translation Theory: From Herodotus to Nietzsche. Manchester: St. Jerome, 1997.*
Gregory the Great. "Giving the Sense." From Letter to Aristobulus. (590/91). In Douglas Robinson, Western Translation Theory: From Herodotus to Nietzsche. Manchester: St. Jerome, 1997.*
_____. "Mangling the Sense." From Letter to Narses. (597-98). In Douglas Robinson, Western Translation Theory: From Herodotus to Nietzsche. Manchester: St. Jerome, 1997.*
Herder, Johann Gottfried. "The Ideal Translator." From Über die neuere Deutsche Litteratur. Fragmente. 1766-67. In Douglas Robinson, Western Translation Theory: From Herodotus to Nietzsche. Manchester: St. Jerome, 1997.*
_____. "Language as Maiden." From Über die neuere Deutsche Litteratur. Fragmente. Rev. ed. 1768. In Douglas Robinson, Western Translation Theory: From Herodotus to Nietzsche. Manchester: St. Jerome, 1997.*
Herodotus. "The Twittering of Birds." From Historia, Book Two (mid-5th century B.C.E.). In Douglas Robinson, Western Translation Theory: From Herodotus to Nietzsche. Manchester: St. Jerome, 1997.*
_____. "The Origin of the Class of Egyptian Interpreters." From Historia, Book Two. In Douglas Robinson, Western Translation Theory: From Herodotus to Nietzsche. Manchester: St. Jerome, 1997.*
Horace. (Quintus Horatius Flaccus). "Imitating in Your Own Words." From Ars Poetica (20 B.C.E.?). In Douglas Robinson, Western Translation Theory: From Herodotus to Nietzsche. Manchester: St. Jerome, 1997.*
Huet, Pierre Daniel. "Concerning the Best Kind of Translation." From De optimo genere interpretandi. 1661. In Douglas Robinson, Western Translation Theory: From Herodotus to Nietzsche. Manchester: St. Jerome, 1997.*
Humboldt, Wilhelm von. "The More Faithful, The More Divergent." From the introduction to the translation of Aeschylus' Agamemnon. 1816. In Douglas Robinson, Western Translation Theory: From Herodotus to Nietzsche. Manchester: St. Jerome, 1997.*
Jerome (Eusebius Hieronymus). "The Best Kind of Translator." Letter to Pammachius (395). In Douglas Robinson, Western Translation Theory: From Herodotus to Nietzsche. Manchester: St. Jerome, 1997.*
_____. "Who Was the First Lying Author?" From Prefatio in Pentateuchem. (401). In Douglas Robinson, Western Translation Theory: From Herodotus to Nietzsche. Manchester: St. Jerome, 1997.*
Johnson, Samuel. "The Art of Translation." The Idler 68/69 (1759). In Douglas Robinson, Western Translation Theory: From Herodotus to Nietzsche. Manchester: St. Jerome, 1997.*
_____. "Translating Homer." From the Life of Pope. 1779-81. In Douglas Robinson, Western Translation Theory: From Herodotus to Nietzsche. Manchester: St. Jerome, 1997.*
Leibniz, Gottfried Wilhelm. "Enriching the German Language." From Unvorgreifliche Gedanken, betreffend die Ausübung und Verbesserung der deutschen Sprache. In Douglas Robinson, Western Translation Theory: From Herodotus to Nietzsche. Manchester: St. Jerome, 1997.*
Luther, Martin. "Circular Letter on Translation." (1530). In Douglas Robinson, Western Translation Theory: From Herodotus to Nietzsche. Manchester: St. Jerome, 1997.*
Martin, Gregory. "Five Sundry Abuses or Corruptions of Holy Scripture." From the preface to A Discovery of the Manifold Corruptions of the Holy Scriptures. 1582. In Douglas Robinson, Western Translation Theory: From Herodotus to Nietzsche. Manchester: St. Jerome, 1997.*
_____. "The Holy Scriptures Ought Not be Read Indifferently of All." From "Preface to the Reader", The New Testament of Jesus Christ. 1582. In Douglas Robinson, Western Translation Theory: From Herodotus to Nietzsche. Manchester: St. Jerome, 1997.*
Meun, Jean de. "Translating for Lay People." From the prologue to the Roman de la Rose. (c. 1280). In Douglas Robinson, Western Translation Theory: From Herodotus to Nietzsche. Manchester: St. Jerome, 1997.*
_____. "Plainly Rendering the Sense." From the dedication to the translation of Boethius' Li Livres de Confort de Philosophie. (between 1285-1305). In Douglas Robinson, Western Translation Theory: From Herodotus to Nietzsche. Manchester: St. Jerome, 1997.*
Montaigne, Michel Eyquem de. "We Call Barbarous Anthing That Is Contrary to Our Own Habits." From "Des cannibales." 1580. In Douglas Robinson, Western Translation Theory: From Herodotus to Nietzsche. Manchester: St. Jerome, 1997.*
More, Thomas. "Whether the Clery of This Realm Have Forbidden All the People to Have Any Scripture Translated into Our Tongue." From A Dialogue Concerning Heresies and Matters of Religion. In Douglas Robinson, Western Translation Theory: From Herodotus to Nietzsche. Manchester: St. Jerome, 1997.*
Newman, Francis W. "The Unlearned Public is the Righthful Judge of Taste." From Homeric Translation in Theory and Practice. 1861. In Douglas Robinson, Western Translation Theory: From Herodotus to Nietzsche. Manchester: St. Jerome, 1997.*
Nietzsche, Friedrich. "Translation as Conquest." From Die fröhliche Wissenschaft. 1882. In Douglas Robinson, Western Translation Theory: From Herodotus to Nietzsche. Manchester: St. Jerome, 1997.*
_____. "Translating the Tempo of the Original." From Jenseits Gutes und Böses. 1886. In Douglas Robinson, Western Translation Theory: From Herodotus to Nietzsche. Manchester: St. Jerome, 1997.*
Notker the German. "Letter to Bishop Hugo von Sitten." (c. 1015). In Douglas Robinson, Western Translation Theory: From Herodotus to Nietzsche. Manchester: St. Jerome, 1997.*
Novalis. (Friedrich Leopold, Baron von Hardenberg). "Translating Out a Poetic Morality." From a letter to A. W. Schlegel. 1790. In Douglas Robinson, Western Translation Theory: From Herodotus to Nietzsche. Manchester: St. Jerome, 1997.*
_____. "Grammatical, Transformative, Mythical." From Blütenstaub. 1798. In Douglas Robinson, Western Translation Theory: From Herodotus to Nietzsche. Manchester: St. Jerome, 1997.*
Ovide Moralisé. (Anonymous). "Another Meaning." From Ovide Moralisé. Early 14th c. In Douglas Robinson, Western Translation Theory: From Herodotus to Nietzsche. Manchester: St. Jerome, 1997.*
Pasquier, Étienne. "Letter to Jacques Cujas." 1576. In Douglas Robinson, Western Translation Theory: From Herodotus to Nietzsche. Manchester: St. Jerome, 1997.*
_____. "Letter to Odet de Tournebus." 1576. In Douglas Robinson, Western Translation Theory: From Herodotus to Nietzsche. Manchester: St. Jerome, 1997.*
Paul of Tarsus. "Rather Five Words with the Mind Than Ten Thousand in a Tongue." 1 Corinthians 14 (55 C.E.?). In Douglas Robinson, Western Translation Theory: From Herodotus to Nietzsche. Manchester: St. Jerome, 1997.*
Peletier du Mans, Jacques. "Of Translation." From L'Art Poétique. 1555. In Douglas Robinson, Western Translation Theory: From Herodotus to Nietzsche. Manchester: St. Jerome, 1997.*
Perrot d'Ablancourt, Nicolas. "To Monsieur Conrart." Dedication of French translation of Lucian. 1654. In Douglas Robinson, Western Translation Theory: From Herodotus to Nietzsche. Manchester: St. Jerome, 1997.*
Philips, Katherine. "Translating Pompey." From Letters from Orinda to Poliarchus. 1663. In Douglas Robinson, Western Translation Theory: From Herodotus to Nietzsche. Manchester: St. Jerome, 1997.*
Philo Judaeus. "The Creation of the Septuagint." From De vita Mosis (20 B.C.E.?). In Douglas Robinson, Western Translation Theory: From Herodotus to Nietzsche. Manchester: St. Jerome, 1997.*
Pliny the Younger (Gaius Plinius Caecilius Secundus). "Imitation of the Best Models." Letter to Fuscus Salinator (85 C.E.?). In Douglas Robinson, Western Translation Theory: From Herodotus to Nietzsche. Manchester: St. Jerome, 1997.*
Pope, Alexander. "The Chief Characteristic of Translation." From the Preface to the Iliad. 1715. In Douglas Robinson, Western Translation Theory: From Herodotus to Nietzsche. Manchester: St. Jerome, 1997.*
Purvey, John. (Attr.). "On Translating the Bible." (1395/97). In Douglas Robinson, Western Translation Theory: From Herodotus to Nietzsche. Manchester: St. Jerome, 1997.*
Quintilian (Marcus Fabius Quintilianus). "On What We Should Employ Ourselves When We Write." From Institutiones Oratoriae (96 C.E.?). In Douglas Robinson, Western Translation Theory: From Herodotus to Nietzsche. Manchester: St. Jerome, 1997.*
Rolle, Richard. "Following the Letter." Prologue to English Translation of the Psalter. (1330s). In Douglas Robinson, Western Translation Theory: From Herodotus to Nietzsche. Manchester: St. Jerome, 1997.*
Salutati, Coluccio. "Letter to Antonio Loschi." (1392). In Douglas Robinson, Western Translation Theory: From Herodotus to Nietzsche. Manchester: St. Jerome, 1997.*
Schlegel, August Wilhelm von. "Noble Rust." From "Dante—über die Göttliche Komödie'." 1791. In Douglas Robinson, Western Translation Theory: From Herodotus to Nietzsche. Manchester: St. Jerome, 1997.*
_____. "At Once Faithful and Poetic." From "Etwas über Wilhelm Shakespeare bei Gelegenheit Wilhelm Meisters." 1796. In Douglas Robinson, Western Translation Theory: From Herodotus to Nietzsche. Manchester: St. Jerome, 1997.*
_____. "Poetic Translation an Imperfect Approximation." From "Homers Werke von Johann Heinrich Voss." 1796. In Douglas Robinson, Western Translation Theory: From Herodotus to Nietzsche. Manchester: St. Jerome, 1997.*
_____. "Projecting Oneself into Foreign Mentalities." From Geschichte der klassichen Literatur. 1802. In Douglas Robinson, Western Translation Theory: From Herodotus to Nietzsche. Manchester: St. Jerome, 1997.*
_____. "The Speaking Voice of the Civilized World." From Geschichte der romantischen Literatur. 1803. In Douglas Robinson, Western Translation Theory: From Herodotus to Nietzsche. Manchester: St. Jerome, 1997.*
Schleiermacher, Friedrich. "On the Different Methods of Translating." 1813. In Douglas Robinson, Western Translation Theory: From Herodotus to Nietzsche. Manchester: St. Jerome, 1997.*
Schopenhauer, Arthur. "On Language and Words." From Parerga and Paralipomena. 1851. In Douglas Robinson, Western Translation Theory: From Herodotus to Nietzsche. Manchester: St. Jerome, 1997.*
Scotus Eriugena, John. "Translator, Not Expositor." From the prologue to the translation of De caelesti hierarchia by Pseudo-Dionysius the Areopagite. (Mid-9th c.). In Douglas Robinson, Western Translation Theory: From Herodotus to Nietzsche. Manchester: St. Jerome, 1997.*
Seneca, Lucius Annaeus. "What Is." From Epistulae morales ad Lucilium, letter 58 (63-65 C.E.). In Douglas Robinson, Western Translation Theory: From Herodotus to Nietzsche. Manchester: St. Jerome, 1997.*
Shelley, Percy Bysshe. "The Violet and the Crucible." From "A Defence of Poetry." 1821. In Douglas Robinson, Western Translation Theory: From Herodotus to Nietzsche. Manchester: St. Jerome, 1997.*
Smith, Miles. "The Translators to the Reader." Preface to the King James Version of the bible. 1611. In Douglas Robinson, Western Translation Theory: From Herodotus to Nietzsche. Manchester: St. Jerome, 1997.*
Stäel, Mme. de (Anne-Louise-Germaine Necker, baronne de Staël-Holstein). "On the Spirit of Translations." 1816. In Douglas Robinson, Western Translation Theory: From Herodotus to Nietzsche. Manchester: St. Jerome, 1997.*
"The Three Kinds of Translating." (Anon.). From a 12th-c. commentary on Boethius's De Arithmetica. In Douglas Robinson, Western Translation Theory: From Herodotus to Nietzsche. Manchester: St. Jerome, 1997.*
Trevisa, John of. "Dialogue Between a Lord and a Clerk upon Translation." (1387). In Douglas Robinson, Western Translation Theory: From Herodotus to Nietzsche. Manchester: St. Jerome, 1997.*
Tyler, Margeret. "M.T. to the Reader." From the preface to the translation of Diego Ortunes de Calahorra, A mirrour of princely deedes and knighthood. 1578. In Douglas Robinson, Western Translation Theory: From Herodotus to Nietzsche. Manchester: St. Jerome, 1997.*
Tyndale, William. "How Happeneth that Ye Defenders Translate Not One Yourselves?" From An Answer to Sir Thomas More's Dialogue. In Douglas Robinson, Western Translation Theory: From Herodotus to Nietzsche. Manchester: St. Jerome, 1997.*
Vegerre, Suzanne du. "The Author's Epistle to the Reader." Preface to the translation of John Peter Camus, Admirable Events. 1639. In Douglas Robinson, Western Translation Theory: From Herodotus to Nietzsche. Manchester: St. Jerome, 1997.*
Vives, Juan Luis. "Practice in Writing." From De Tradendis Disciplinis. 1531. In Douglas Robinson, Western Translation Theory: From Herodotus to Nietzsche. Manchester: St. Jerome, 1997.*
_____. "Translation and Interpretation." From De Ratione Dicendi. 1533. In Douglas Robinson, Western Translation Theory: From Herodotus to Nietzsche. Manchester: St. Jerome, 1997.*
Webbe, Joseph. "Preceiving the Custom of the Ancients." From An Appeal to Truth, Concerning Art and Use. 1622. In Douglas Robinson, Western Translation Theory: From Herodotus to Nietzsche. Manchester: St. Jerome, 1997.*
Woodhouselee, Alexander Fraser Tytler, Lord (1747-1813). Essay on the Principles of Translation. Edinburgh: Printed for T. Cadell; and W. Creech, 1791. (Translation; Idiom; Taste; Style; Classical literature)
_____. (Alexander Fraser Tytler). Essay on the Principles of Translation. 1791. (Everyman's Library, 168). London: Dent; New York: Dutton.
_____. (Alexander Tytler). "Ensayo sobre los principios de la traducción (1793)." Trans. Lidia Taillefer. In Textos clásicos de teoría de la traducción. Ed. M. A. Vega. (Colección Lingüística). Madrid, Cátedra, 1994. 211-216.
_____. "The Proper Task of a Translator." From Essay on the Principles of Translation. 1790. In Douglas Robinson, Western Translation Theory: From Herodotus to Nietzsche. Manchester: St. Jerome, 1997.*
Anthologies
Vega, M. A., ed. Textos clásicos de teoría de la traducción. (Colección Lingüística). Madrid, Cátedra, 1994.
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